Pharmacogenomics and – genetics
A wealth of information on new drug candidates can be obtained by the use of pharmacogenomics in cell lines and animals. Pathway alterations, possible toxicological effects, potency of similar compounds etc.
In pharmacogenetics the human or animal being treated is analyzed for genetic differences in metabolism, response to certain drug levels etc. Ethnic differences may often be revealed.
Pharmacogenomics
Microarray based expression analysis is a very important tool in pharmacogenomics.
With such arrays we can analyse the pathway alterations induced at different
drug levels, or using various modifications of similar compounds. The
efficacy and potency of compounds and their competitors can be evaluated
both in vitro and in vivo.
Toxicological studies in animals may reveal quite unexpected effects
and side effects if one analyzes many different tissues at various dosages.
AROS has performed hundreds of pharmacogenomic array studies, and
is among the most experienced industries world – wide in this area.
Pharmacogenetics
The genomic variation is influencing all steps in ADME (Absorption,
Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion) of a drug candidate. For some
of the steps, such as metabolism of certain compound types, several genotypes
are well known to influence the metabolism (e.g. slow and fast metabolizers),
for other new drugs this has to be determined.
AROS offer to analyze genotypes based on the comprehensive Affymetrix
SNP mapping array set that will identify up to 500,000 SNPs´in
the genome. These will either directly affect metabolism or will
be in close linkage with genes that influence the various steps in ADME.
For well known genotypes AROS offers to identify these in materials
provided by the customer using quantitative PCR.